Endocrine Abstracts

Background: Prolactinomas are the most common functioning pituitary tumours, accounting for 40% of all pituitary adenomas. Prolactinomas may enlarge in pregnancy, the management of which may prove challenging. Case Presentation: A 23 year old lady was referred to the endocrine clinic with secondary amenorrhoea and bifrontal headaches in 2012. Biochemical tests on referral revealed: FT4- 5.8 pmol/l, TSH-1.1 mU/l, Prolactin-4432 mIU/l, LH- 4.8 IU/l, FSH- 4...

History: A 52-year-old woman was referred by her GP for colonoscopy in view of 7 months” history of unexplained weight loss of nearly 2.5 stones, constipation and recently detected normocytic anaemia. Her past medical history was unremarkable except for bronchial asthma that was managed with albuterol. However, on the day of the scheduled colonoscopy, she was noted to be hypotensive (BP- 63/38 mm Hg, heart rate 93 bpm) and was hence admitted for fluid resuscitation. Follo...

Background: Hypercalcaemia is a common finding in in-patients. Acute hypercalcaemia can be life-threatening; thus proper work-up is pivotal for correct assessment of underlying-cause and management. The European Hypercalcaemia Guidelines 2016 was used as reference.Aim: Study was undertaken to assess appropriateness in work-up, diagnosis and management of patients with hypercalcaemia according to European Guidelines.Methods: Patient...

Background: A 29 year old female presented to the Emergency department with headache, vomiting and loose stools for 24 hours. She was not known to have diabetes. She had a background of bilateral sensorineural deafness for 6 years and resolved Gillian Barre syndrome 8 years prior. She has a family history of deafness and diabetes mellitus in her maternal grandmother and mother; and diabetes in her maternal aunty and two maternal uncles diagnosed with prediabetes. She has a par...

Background: Hyponatraemia is the most common electrolyte abnormality, encountered in up to 30% of inpatients. Plasma sodium levels <125 mmol/l are classed as severe and can be associated with drowsiness, confusion, ataxia and personality change. In mild hyponatraemia, the patient is usually asymptomatic, although studies have shown chronic low sodium of any level may be associated with increased mortality and longer hospital stays. Vasopressin receptor antagonist (tolvapta...

Case History: A 57 year old male, who was known to have primary hyperparathyroidism was admitted to hospital due to hypercalcaemia on routine blood tests (adjusted S. calcium- 3.44 mmol/l.) He had no symptoms due to hypercalcaemia. This was his 5th admission since the diagnosis 18 months ago, each admission requiring treatment with IV fluids and IV bisphosphonates. SESTAMIBI and ultrasound scans of the thyroid and parathyroids had previously localised a likely right inferior p...

Introduction: Vitamin D deficiency is known to cause adverse outcomes in pregnancy and has shown to have an association with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM)Aim: To evaluate the relationship between GDM and Vitamin DMaterials and Methods: In a retrospective study we explored the Vitamin D levels (Sufficient >50nmol/l - G1, Insufficient 25-50nmol/l - G2, Deficient <25nmol/l - G3), GTT results, diabetes status and pregnanc...

Background: Hyponatraemia is the most common electrolyte abnormality encountered in hospitals and has been independently associated with increased morbidity and mortality1. An appropriate work-up with guideline-based investigations and management is, therefore, crucial to allow accurate diagnosis and optimisation of patient care.Case Presentation: A 49-year-old with no significant past medical history presented with 2 weeks of persistent nause...

Background: Falls are a significant health problem and major burden on healthcare services. Falls are typically associated with ageing-related frailty, but diabetic peripheral neuropathy, postural hypotension and hyponatraemia are recognised risk factors for falling that might be independent of ageing-related factors. We undertook a study to assess the prevalence of these independent risk factors in patients admitted to hospital following a fall.Methods:...

Hyponatraemia is a very common electrolyte abnormality with varied presenting features depending on the underlying cause. The authors report the case of a 75 years old, previously fit, gentleman who presented with weight loss, lethargy, and blackouts. He was admitted to the hospital repeatedly under the general physicians over an 8 month period.Investigations revealed persistent hyponatraemia (serum sodium 113–120 mmol/l, serum osmolality 258 mOsm/k...